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The Japanese Snow Monkey spends most of its time in forests.  It feeds on seeds, roots, buds, fruit, invertebrates, berries, leaves, birds eggs, fungi, bark and cereals.

The Japanese Snow Monkey lives in troops of 20-100 individuals in size, usually subdivided into groups consisting of many females and several males. On average, females outnumber males by 3 to 1.

After a gestation period of 173 days, females bear only one baby.
This snow monkey has an average lifespan of 30 years.
 

The Japanese Snow Monkey is very intelligent. It is the only animal other than humans and raccoons that is known to wash its food before eating it. Researchers studying this species left sweet potatoes out on the beach for them to feed on, then witnessed one female, named Imo (Japanese for yam or potato), taking the food down to the sea to wash the sand off it. After a while, others started to copy her behavior. This trait was then passed on from generation to generation, until eventually, all except the very oldest members of the troop were washing their food and even seasoning their clean food in the sea. She was similarly the first observed balling up wheat with air pockets, throwing it into the water, and waiting for it to float back up before picking it up and eating it free from dirt.

Also in recent studies, it has been found that the Japanese Snow Monkeys can develop different accents, like humans. It was found that snow monkeys in areas separated by only a couple hundred miles can have very different pitches in their calls, their form of communication. The Japanese Snow Monkey has been involved in many studies concerning neuroscience and also is used in drug testing.  It is often the subject of Buddhist myths, and is thought to be the inspiration behind the saying "see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil."